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The volcano entered a phase of increasing activity again. New ash emissions, tremor episodes and increased SO2 output occurred during the past days and suggest that a new pulse of magma is on its way. This could lead to a new, possibly intense eruptive phase in the near future.#
Because the last significant activity occurred more than 6 months ago, the upper conduit of the volcano is likely blocked by a plug under which pressurized gasses accumulate. This in turn could lead to a sudden, strong vent-clearing explosion, a potentially very dangerous eruption.#
Diesel engines operate at lower temperatures than gasoline engines and platinum is better suited as a catalyst to reduce harmful emissions at lower temperatures,#according to Stillwater Palladium.
They are produced from the reaction of#nitrogen#and#oxygen#gases in the air duringcombustion, especially at high temperatures.#
NOx#gases are formed whenever combustion occurs in the presence of nitrogen – as in an air-breathing engine; they also are produced naturally by#lightning.
...said John German, one of the two co-leads on the US team of the International Council for Clean Transportation (ICCT), the European-based NGO that raised the alarm.
I find also interesting that aircraft engines does not have any emission controls. The temperature of the exhaust gases reaches about 500 to 600 C; combustion chamber reaches about 1500 to 1800 C all done with Kerosene (JP4 ) or Diesel (JP8). Those engines sure spew more NOx than a 2L TDI. The only pollution control they had was called a "Hush Kit". That was for Noise Pollution on turbojets and low bypass turbofans; high bypass turbofans are much quieter, so fell into the aviation history books.
There is no money in making aeroplanes comply with emissions standards, there are more cars on the road that planes in the air.
However, they travel longer distances than cars. Combined numbers, I have no data on that. But within and airliner life cycle are several million miles. In the USA is common for trucks to reach the million mile mark easy, for a car, almost never.
You are right about no money on that...
Point is mute anyway, if the planes had some sort of emissions standards then you could start comparing them and blah-did-e-blah.
VW have emissions standards to comply with - they could not, they then faked them to intentionally mislead - thus, fraud.
VW's fraud is the topic, everything else is white noise.