I always thought the oil viscosity was, in a simplistic sense, dependant on the bearing clearances designed into the engine and the engines cooling requirements (shared with the coolant system).
Going to thicker oil may increase oil pressure but reduce oil flow which impacts the oils cooling ability. Cooling is a big part of what oil does... Going to a thiner oil can reduce oil pressure but increase flow rate improving oil cooling ability but compromisi g other aspects of what is needed...
I‘d say it’s always better to stick with the manufacturers recommendations unless there is a specific need to change viscosity. Usually in such cases, the owners manual will list different viscosities for different climatic temperature rages. These days such tables seem to have been engineered out of the owner manuals, either via great modern oil tech or through a designed obsolescence though I suspect i5 more the former than the later.
Older cars, yes the manufacturers fiddled with different oil viscosity for winter and summer driving but that was a long long time ago... and those engines weren’t as highly stressed as today’s modern engines. These days, best to stick to manufacturer recommendations...