Self learning is bullshit. A PCM has different tables to reference from, under different driving conditions it references these tables to "compensate" for the way the car is driven differently from the default table. It is set up to use ignition and fuel tables under one driving condition, when those conditions change, the PCM references different tables. So it doesn't actually learn, it just compensates for a different driving style other than the original factory default setup.
If a tuner had good knowledge, he could get more out of it safely, as an example, there is a tuner over here that is very good. he does safe tunes, IE: doesn't push the tune to it's limits so that the engine will suffer. He did an LS1 (different PCM and engine, I know) but for a 2002 LS1 that only had a MAFless tune and an exhaust, it got just under 270kW. I have seen him go close to 300kW on VE's. It comes down to tuner knowledge.